Important points from the chapter The United Nations and Classification of Plant Kingdom

THE UNITED NATIONS

1)How many countries had initially participated in the UN charter?

Ans) 51

2)What is the total number of countries that are members of the UN charter at  present ?

Ans) 193

 3) Name the three countries that are excluded from being members of UN?Ø

Ans) Washington, Taiwan, Kosovo

 4) What are the aims of the UN?

Ans)-Work for world peace and security of the nations,

 -promote friendly relations among the nations,

 -betterment of humanity by protecting human freedom and rights,

- economic and social well being,

-remove racial and religious discrimination's

- help members to fulfill these objectives

5) What does the UN logo comprise of?

Ans) The world map surrounded by a wreath of olive branches and the background color is blue.

6) How many organs of UN are there?

Ans) 6

7)  Where are the headquarters of the organs of the UN?

Ans) Except for the  International Court of Justice all headquarters are situated in New York.

8) The bodies that function within the UN:®

 1. Security Council

 2. General Assembly

3. Economic and Social Council

 4. The Secretariat

5. The Trusteeship Council

6. The International Court of Justice

Classification of Plant kingdom

-All the plants fall under one category- Plantae 

-Study of plants is called as Botany and the scientists that study plants are known as Botanists. Botanists classify plants into different categories depending upon the  similarities and dissimilarities between them.  Primarily plants are classified into groups on the basis of: roots, stems, flowers,fruits, seeds and leaves.

1) How does this tree absorb water from the soil and carry it to the leaves?

Ans) Roots absorb the water and the stem carries the water to the leaves.

 2) How do aquatic plants absorb water?

Ans) Through their leaves,through the  roots.

-On the basis of the structures that help them to absorb water into two groups:

 -Vascular

 -Non-vascular

3) Name the two groups in which kingdom Plantae is divided?

Ans) Vascular and non-vascular. 

4) On what basis is the kingdom Plantae divided into these two categories?

Ans) On the basis of the structure that helps the plants to absorb water. 

5) What are the key characteristics of the non-vascular plant group?

Ans)These  plants lack true leaves, stem and roots.

6)  What are the key characteristics of the vascular pants?

Ans) The plants have well  developed stem that is build up of vessels that help in absorbing and

transporting water and food to the plant and form the plant. 

 --Vascular plants are further divided into two groups

1) Vascular plants with seeds

2) Seedless vascular

Flowering plants:

- have great diversity among the family

-are found in almost all types of habitats on earth, except the extreme cold®

-climatic zones  display a vivid range of adaptations that enable them to survive in different

geographical regions and climatic conditions

- have broad leaves help in absorbing the maximum sunlight and increase the

 efficiency of photosynthesis  shed leaves during cold or dry climates to avoid water loss.

-Many flowering plants have modified parts roots or stem, which  For e.g.:·store food and water in them. 

 Modified roots: sweet potato, beetroot, turnip

 Modified stems: ginger, garlic, onion

--Cotyledon: Part of the seed, stores food for the new plant that develops  this part is called as cotyledon.

--Some plants bear seeds that have only one cotyledon, such plants  are classified as Monocotyledons .    --Whereas some plants have seeds that bear two cotyledons, such plants are  classified as Dicotyledons.

--A root system which is composed of one main root and many thin roots branching off from the main root is called as taproot system’. 

--A root system which is has no dominant root, but has many thin  thread like roots is called is called as fibrous root system.